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Never elsewhere3/21/2023 ![]() ![]() ![]() Signs and symptoms Location of original itch and referred itch 1.3 Normal and pathological referred itch.1.1 Location of original itch and referred itch. ![]() A handful of studies were done in the early 1990s, but further data must be collected and interpreted before a thorough understanding of mitempfindung is reached. Most research on the topic was conducted in the late 19th century, and the most recent publications occurred in the late 1970s. Research and information regarding mitempfindung is limited and dated. Much is still unknown about the physiological mechanisms of the phenomenon, and no single theory is accepted. There is a published study, however, that mentions an affected man whose children were also affected. There is no evidence of genetic influence on referred itch. Symptoms are variable among affected individuals, but it is widely accepted that the soles of the feet, palms, and the face are never affected by mitempfindung. Acquired or pathological mitempfindung is the effect of damage to the central nervous system and only lasts for a short period of time. Normal mitempfindung is usually detected in early childhood and persists for the majority, if not the rest, of the individual's life. There are two types of referred itch: normal and acquired (pathological). The itching sensation is spontaneous and can cease with continued stimulation. Also, because scratching or putting pressure on the referred itch does not cause the stimulus area to itch, the relationship between the stimulus and the referred itch is unidirectional. The stimulus and referred itch are ipsilateral (the stimulus and the referred itch occur on the same side of the body). The referred sensation itself should not be painful it is more of an irritating prickle leading to the compulsion to scratch the area. Stimuli range from a firm pressure applied to the skin – a scratch – to irritation or pulling on a hair follicle on the skin. The syndrome is relatively harmless, though it can be irritating, and healthy individuals can express symptoms. Referred itch or mitempfindung is the phenomenon in which a stimulus applied in one region of the body is felt as an itch or irritation in a different part of the body. A diagram showing the connected points between stimulus and itch. ![]()
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